Lev Kuleshov

Lev Kuleshov

No Photo of Lev Kuleshov
Author, Director - Russia
Born January 1, 1899 in Tambov, RU
Died March 29, 1970 in Moscow

Mini-Biography:
Lev Kuleshov was born on January 1, 1899 in Tambov, RU. He was a Russian Author, Director, known for Nabat (1917), Za schastjem (1917), Korol' Parizha (1917), Lev Kuleshov's first movie on record is from 0. Lev Kuleshov died on March 29, 1970 in Moskau. His last motion picture on file dates from 1943.

Biographical Notes
Zu Unrecht von vielen Filmhistorikern übersehen, war Lev Kuleshov der erste Theoretiker des Sowjetischen Films, der mit den Techniken der Montage experimentierte, Jahre bevor Eisenstein und Pudovkin ihre Theorien publizierten. Lev Kuleshov arbeitetete noch in der vorrevolutionären Zeit vor allem in einigen Filmen von Jevgenij Bauer (Nabat, Za zchastjem, Korol' Parithi), bevor er 1918 mit "Projekt Inzhenera Praita" seinen ersten eigenen Film realisierte. Zur gleichen Zeit publizierte der knapp 18-jährige seine ersten Artikel, die mit ihren expressionistischen Tendenzen eine für die damalige Zeit erstaunliche Vision darlegten.

Nach der Oktoberrevoltion engagierte sich Kuleshov an der ersten staatlichen Filmschule und veranstaltete zahlreiche Workshops mit "Filmen ohne Film", wo er das amerikanische Kino von Griffith und die Bildsprache des amerikanischen Films als Vorbild für den neuen sowjetischen Film propagierte. Sein wohl bekanntester Film, die Satire "Die seltsamen Abenteuer des Mr. West im Lande der Bolschewiki" und dann besonders "Dura Lex" nach einer Story von Jack London trugen Kuleshov schliesslich in den Dreissiger Jahren Probleme mit den staatlichen Stellen ein, die dann zum Abbruch seiner Karriere führten.

Nach 1933 praktisch mit einem Bann als Regisseur belegt, konnte Koleshov erst in den Vierziger Jahren noch einige Filme realisieren, die aber kaum über die Grenzen der Sowjetunion hinaus bekannt wurden: meist Geschichten, die im Ural oder in Sibirien spielten und teilweise auch dem Personenkult für Stalin huldigten, wie etwa "Sibirjaki" aus dem Jahre 1940.

Einflussreich war Kuleshov als Dozent der Staatlichen Filmhochschule in Moskau, wo er ab 1922 unterrichtete. Seine theoretischen Schriften wurden im Westen erst durch Jay Leyda um 1960 herum bekannt gemacht und führten so zu einer späten Rehabilitation des Filmemachers.

Kuleshov ist der Autor eines Handbuches zur Filmregie "Grundlagen der Filmregie", 1941 publiziert. 1975 erschienen seine mit Aleksandra Khokhlova verfassten Erinnerungen "50 Jahre beim Film". (lhg 2008)

FilmographyFilmography [Auszug]
1943: My s Urala (We are from the Urals) (Director), Directed by Aleksandra Khokhlova, with Aleksej Konsovskij, Janina Zhejmo, ,
1943: Yunye Partizany (The Battlefield Film Collection No. 13, The Teacher Kartashova, The young Partisans) (Director), with , Andrej Fajt, Aleksandr Pupko,
1942: Kljatva Timura (Timur's Oath, The Oath of Timur) (Director), Directed by Aleksandra Khokhlova, with , Aleksandr Pupko, V Pimenov,
1941: Sluchaj v vulkane (Indicent in a Vulcano) (Director: Supervision), Directed by Evgenij Shnejder, Aleksandra Khokhlova, with , Lidija Smirnova, Pjotr Alejnikov,
1940: Sibirjaki (The Siberians) (Director), Directed by Aleksandra Khokhlova, with Aleksandra Kharitonova, Anatoli Kuznetsov, Aleksandr Pupko,
1936: Dokhunda (unrealized project) (Director), with , , ,
1934: Krazha zrenija (unrealized project) (Theft of Sight) (Art Director), Directed by Leonid Obolenskij, with Mikhail Doronin, Pjotr Galadzhev, Marija Goricheva,
1933: Velikij uteshytel' (The Great Consoler) (Director), with Mikhail Doronin, Andrej Fajt, Pjotr Galadzhev,
1932: Gorizont (Horizon) (Director), with Nikolaj Batalov, Jelena Kuzmina, Mikhail Doronin,
1930: Sorok serdets (Forty hearts) (Director),
1930: Proryv (The Breakthrough) (Director), with Boris Barnet, Z Cesarskaja, I Chitsjakov,
1929: Dva-Buldi-Dva (The Great Buldis) (Director), Directed by Nina Agadzhanova, with Sergej Komarov, Vladimir Kochetov, Anel Sudakjevich,
1929: Sasha (Scenario), Directed by Aleksandra Khokhlova, with , , Andrej Fajt,
1928: Veselaja Kanareika (Shelesnij Yastshik, The Gay Canary, The Happy Canary) (Director), with Galina Kravchenko, Andrej Fajt, Ada Vojtsik,
1927: Vasha znakomaya (Your acquaintance, The female journalist) (Director), with Aleksandra Khokhlova, Pjotr Galadzhev, Jurij Vasilchikov,
1927: Paravoz No. B-1000 (unrealized project) (Steam Engine No. B-1000) (Director),
1926: Po zakonu (By the Law, Dura Lex) (Scenario), with Vladimir Fogel, Pjotr Galadzhev, Aleksandra Khokhlova,
1925: Luch smerti (The Ray of Death, The Death Ray) (Director), with Porfiri Podobed, Vsevolod Pudovkin, Sergej Komarov,
1924: Njeobichajnie prikljuchenja mistjera Vesta v Stanje Bolshevikov (Mr. West s Extraordinary Adventures in the Bolsheviks Land, Extraordinary adventures of Mr. West in the land of the Bolsheviks) (Director), with Boris Barnet, Vladimir Fogel, Pjotr Galadzhev,
1922: Kavkazskije mineralnje vody (Mineral Waters of the Caucasus) (Director),
1920: Na krasnom Fronte (On the Red Front) (Director), with Leonid Obolenskij, , Aleksandra Khokhlova,
1919: Le rêve de Tarass (Editor),
1919: Smelchak (The Daredevil) (Editor), Directed by Mikhail Narokov, with Dmitrij Alperov, Vladimir Gardin, Nikandr Turkin,
1918: Vdova (The Widow) (Art Director), Directed by Fjodor Komissarzhevskij, with Zoja Barantsevich, Vjacheslav Svoboda, ,
1918: Projekt inzhenera Praita (The Project of Engeneer Pright, Engineer Prite's Project) (Director), with Boris Kuleshov, Leonid Polevoij, N Gardi,
1918: Pesn ljubvi nedopetaja (The unfinished love song) (Director), Directed by Vitold Polonskij, with Taisija Borman, A Chernova, N Gorich,
1918: Sljakot bulvarnaja (Boulevard Slush) (Art Director), Directed by Boris Chajkovskij, with , Anna Zemtsova, Vladimir Kriger,
1917: Sumjerki (Director), Directed by Andrej Gromov, with Zoja Barantsevich, , ,
1917: Korol' Parizha (The King of Paris) (Art Director), Directed by Jevgenij Bauer, Olga Rakhmanova, with Vjacheslav Svoboda, Nikolaj Radin, Emma Bauer,
1917: Teni ljubvi (Art Director), Directed by Aleksandr Gromov, with Nikolaj Radin, Marija Boldireva, Vjacheslav Svoboda,
1917: Miss Meri (Art Director), Directed by Boris Chajkovskij, with Zoja Barantsevich, Nikolaj Radin, Nonna Leshchinskaja,
1917: Chjornaja ljubov (Black Love (lit.)) (Cast), Directed by Vladimir Strizhevskij, with Zoja Barantsevich, Vladimir Strizhevskij,
1917: Nabat (The Alarm) (Art Director), Directed by Jevgenij Bauer, Antonina Khanzhonkova, Vera Popova, with Nikolaj Radin, Vera Karalli, Mikhail Narokov,
1917: Za schastjem (Towards Happiness, For Luck) (Art Director), Directed by Jevgenij Bauer, with Nikolaj Radin, Lidija Korenjeva, Taisija Borman,
0: Smelchak (The Daredevil) (Production Design), Directed by Mikhail Narokov, with Dmitrij Alperov, Vladimir Gardin, Nikandr Turkin,

Bibliography
- Jerzy Toeplitz, Geschichte des Films, Band I, pg. 209
- Kuleshov on Film, Writings of Lev Kuleshov, translated and edited with an Introduction by Ronald Levaco, University of California Press, Berkely - Los Angeles - London, 1974
- Il Cinema Ritrovato, Bologna 2008, Katalog pg 72ff;

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Lev Kuleshov - KinoTV updated Fri 08. Jun. 2018